<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><?xml-stylesheet href="../../stylesheet/spl.xsl" type="text/xsl"?><document xmlns="urn:hl7-org:v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:hl7-org:v3 https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/spl/schema/spl.xsd">
  <id root="3a77b97f-df41-4712-9b4d-93a9fa64e3c2"/>
  <code code="34391-3" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL"/>
  <title>
    <content styleCode="bold">These highlights do not include all the information needed to use </content>
    <content styleCode="bold">GLOPERBA</content>
    <content styleCode="bold">
      <sup>®</sup>
    </content>
    <content styleCode="bold"> safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for </content>
    <content styleCode="bold">GLOPERBA</content>
    <content styleCode="bold">
      <sup>®</sup>
    </content>
    <content styleCode="bold">.</content>
    <br/>
    <content styleCode="bold">GLOPERBA</content>
    <content styleCode="bold">
      <sup>®</sup>
    </content>
    <content styleCode="bold"> (colchicine) Oral Solution</content>
    <br/>
    <content styleCode="bold">Initial U.S. Approval:  </content>
    <content styleCode="bold">1961</content>
    <br/>
  </title>
  <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
  <setId root="6971137c-deef-4309-909e-552f1930999d"/>
  <versionNumber value="1"/>
  <author>
    <time/>
    <assignedEntity>
      <representedOrganization>
        <id extension="090845416" root="1.3.6.1.4.1.519.1"/>
        <name>ROMEG Therapeutics, LLC</name>
        <assignedEntity>
          <assignedOrganization/>
        </assignedEntity>
      </representedOrganization>
    </assignedEntity>
  </author>
  <component>
    <structuredBody>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="22c24a61-3289-4ac1-b681-6833ea4e0345"/>
          <code code="48780-1" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL LISTING DATA ELEMENTS SECTION"/>
          <effectiveTime value="20190206"/>
          <subject>
            <manufacturedProduct>
              <manufacturedProduct>
                <code code="72690-010" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.69"/>
                <name>Gloperba</name>
                <formCode code="C42986" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1" displayName="SOLUTION"/>
                <asEntityWithGeneric>
                  <genericMedicine>
                    <name>colchicine</name>
                  </genericMedicine>
                </asEntityWithGeneric>
                <ingredient classCode="ACTIB">
                  <quantity>
                    <numerator unit="mg" value="0.6"/>
                    <denominator unit="mL" value="5"/>
                  </quantity>
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="SML2Y3J35T" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>COLCHICINE</name>
                    <activeMoiety>
                      <activeMoiety>
                        <code code="SML2Y3J35T" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                        <name>COLCHICINE</name>
                      </activeMoiety>
                    </activeMoiety>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="LKG8494WBH" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>BENZYL ALCOHOL</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="WZB9127XOA" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>FD&amp;C RED NO. 40</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="XF417D3PSL" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="GR686LBA74" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>SODIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="PDC6A3C0OX" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>GLYCERIN</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="6DC9Q167V3" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>PROPYLENE GLYCOL</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="96K6UQ3ZD4" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>SUCRALOSE</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="TTV12P4NEE" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>XANTHAN GUM</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="059QF0KO0R" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>WATER</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <ingredient classCode="IACT">
                  <ingredientSubstance>
                    <code code="BUC5I9595W" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.4.9"/>
                    <name>CHERRY</name>
                  </ingredientSubstance>
                </ingredient>
                <asContent>
                  <quantity>
                    <numerator unit="mL" value="150"/>
                    <denominator value="1"/>
                  </quantity>
                  <containerPackagedProduct>
                    <code code="72690-010-05" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.69"/>
                    <formCode code="C43173" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1" displayName="BOTTLE, PLASTIC"/>
                  </containerPackagedProduct>
                  <subjectOf>
                    <characteristic>
                      <code code="SPLCMBPRDTP" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.1.11.19255"/>
                      <value code="C112160" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1" displayName="Type 0: Not a Combination Product" xsi:type="CV"/>
                    </characteristic>
                  </subjectOf>
                  <subjectOf>
                    <marketingAct>
                      <code code="C53292" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1"/>
                      <statusCode code="active"/>
                      <effectiveTime>
                        <low value="20190801"/>
                      </effectiveTime>
                    </marketingAct>
                  </subjectOf>
                </asContent>
              </manufacturedProduct>
              <subjectOf>
                <approval>
                  <id extension="NDA210942" root="2.16.840.1.113883.3.150"/>
                  <code code="C73594" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1" displayName="NDA"/>
                  <author>
                    <territorialAuthority>
                      <territory>
                        <code code="USA" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.5.28"/>
                      </territory>
                    </territorialAuthority>
                  </author>
                </approval>
              </subjectOf>
              <subjectOf>
                <marketingAct>
                  <code code="C53292" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1"/>
                  <statusCode code="active"/>
                  <effectiveTime>
                    <low value="20190801"/>
                  </effectiveTime>
                </marketingAct>
              </subjectOf>
              <subjectOf>
                <characteristic classCode="OBS">
                  <code code="SPLCOLOR" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.1.11.19255"/>
                  <value code="C48326" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1" displayName="RED" xsi:type="CV">
                    <originalText>slightly Hazy</originalText>
                  </value>
                </characteristic>
              </subjectOf>
              <subjectOf>
                <characteristic classCode="OBS">
                  <code code="SPLFLAVOR" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.1.11.19255"/>
                  <value code="C73375" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1" displayName="CHERRY" xsi:type="CV"/>
                </characteristic>
              </subjectOf>
              <consumedIn>
                <substanceAdministration>
                  <routeCode code="C38288" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1" displayName="ORAL"/>
                </substanceAdministration>
              </consumedIn>
            </manufacturedProduct>
          </subject>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_1_Indications_and">
          <id root="94b572d3-7261-4546-b9c7-a3c3898e33ab"/>
          <code code="34067-9" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="INDICATIONS &amp; USAGE SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">INDICATIONS AND USAGE</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>GLOPERBA<sup>®</sup> (colchicine) Oral Solution is indicated for prophylaxis of gout flares in adults.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>Limitations of use:  The safety and effectiveness of GLOPERBA for acute treatment of gout flares during prophylaxis has not been studied.  GLOPERBA is not an analgesic medication and should not be used to treat pain from other causes. </paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                  <item>GLOPERBA is indicated for prophylaxis of gout flares in adults (<linkHtml href="#_1_Indications_and">1</linkHtml>).</item>
                </list>
                <paragraph>Limitations of use:</paragraph>
                <paragraph>The safety and effectiveness of GLOPERBA for acute treatment of gout flares during prophylaxis has not been studied.  GLOPERBA is not an analgesic medication and should not be used to treat pain from other causes (<linkHtml href="#_1_Indications_and">1</linkHtml>).</paragraph>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_2_1_Gout_Prophylaxis">
          <id root="ee452e41-e3e5-46cf-947f-b301cadfee49"/>
          <code code="34068-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="DOSAGE &amp; ADMINISTRATION SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">2</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION</content>
            <content styleCode="bold"> </content>
          </title>
          <text/>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <paragraph>0.6 mg (5 mL) once or twice daily.  Maximum dose 1.2 mg/day. (<linkHtml href="#_2_1_Gout_Prophylaxis">2.1</linkHtml>)</paragraph>
                <paragraph>GLOPERBA is administered orally, without regard to meals (<linkHtml href="#_2_1_Gout_Prophylaxis">2.1</linkHtml>)</paragraph>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="613aeaf4-875e-418b-9821-07e8055de539"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">2.1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Gout Prophylaxis</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>For prophylaxis of gout flares, the recommended dosage of GLOPERBA is 0.6 mg (5 mL) once or twice daily.  The maximum dose is 1.2 mg/day.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>GLOPERBA is administered orally, without regard to meals.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_3_Dosage_Forms">
          <id root="2bc584bf-d83a-4087-bc30-9676065aac69"/>
          <code code="43678-2" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="DOSAGE FORMS &amp; STRENGTHS SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">3</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>Ready-to-use solution for oral administration containing 0.6 mg/5 mL of colchicine.  The oral solution is a slightly hazy, red liquid with a cherry odor.</paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <paragraph>0.6 mg/5 mL oral solution (<linkHtml href="#_3_Dosage_Forms">3</linkHtml>)</paragraph>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_4_Contraindications">
          <id root="72f8e12a-b472-46ee-9618-6d8bda733141"/>
          <code code="34070-3" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">4</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">CONTRAINDICATIONS</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given GLOPERBA in conjunction with drugs that inhibit both CYP3A4 and P-gp [<content styleCode="italics">see Drug </content>
              <content styleCode="italics">Interactions</content>
              <content styleCode="italics"> (</content>
              <content styleCode="italics">
                <linkHtml href="#_7_Drug_Interactions">7</linkHtml>
              </content>
              <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].  Combining these dual inhibitors with colchicine in patients with renal or hepatic impairment has resulted in life-threatening or fatal colchicine toxicity.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>Patients with both renal and hepatic impairment should not be given GLOPERBA.</paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                  <item>Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given GLOPERBA in conjunction with drugs that inhibit both CYP3A4 and P-gp (<linkHtml href="#_4_Contraindications">4</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>Patients with both renal and hepatic impairment should not be given GLOPERBA (<linkHtml href="#_4_Contraindications">4</linkHtml>).</item>
                </list>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_5_1_Fatal_Overdose">
          <id root="19f0c780-4876-4cc3-89d3-20c57a3a28b8"/>
          <code code="43685-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">5</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS</content>
          </title>
          <text/>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                  <item>
                    <content styleCode="italics">Fatal overdoses </content>have been reported with colchicine in adults and children.  Keep GLOPERBA out of the reach of children (<linkHtml href="#_5_1_Fatal_Overdose">5.1</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_10_Overdosage">10</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>
                    <content styleCode="italics">Blood dyscrasias: </content>
                    <content styleCode="italics"> </content>myelosuppression, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and aplastic anemia have been reported (<linkHtml href="#_5_2_Blood_Dyscrasias">5.2</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>Monitor for toxicity and, if present, consider lowering the dose, temporary interruption or discontinuation of colchicine (<linkHtml href="#_5_2_Blood_Dyscrasias">5.2</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_5_3_Drug_Interactions">5.3</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_5_4_Neuromuscular_Toxicity">5.4</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_6_Adverse_Reactions">6</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_10_Overdosage">10</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>
                    <content styleCode="italics">Drug interaction </content>
                    <content styleCode="italics">with </content>
                    <content styleCode="italics">CYP3A4 </content>
                    <content styleCode="italics">and </content>
                    <content styleCode="italics">P</content>-<content styleCode="italics">gp </content>
                    <content styleCode="italics">inhibitors: </content>Co-administration of colchicine with dual CYP3A4 and P-gp inhibitors has resulted in life-threatening interactions and death (<linkHtml href="#_5_3_Drug_Interactions">5.3</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_7_Drug_Interactions">7</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>
                    <content styleCode="italics">Neuromuscular toxicity: </content>
                    <content styleCode="italics"> </content>Myotoxicity including rhabdomyolysis may occur, especially in combination with other drugs known to cause this effect.  Consider lowering the dose, temporary interruption or discontinuation of GLOPERBA (<linkHtml href="#_5_4_Neuromuscular_Toxicity">5.4</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_6_Adverse_Reactions">6</linkHtml>).</item>
                </list>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="9844dff8-50fb-415c-ae1a-533d4facf58f"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">5.1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Fatal Overdose</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Fatal overdoses, both accidental and intentional, have been reported in adults and children who have ingested colchicine [<content styleCode="italics">see Overdosage </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_10_Overdosage">10</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].  GLOPERBA should be kept out of the reach of children.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_5_2_Blood_Dyscrasias">
              <id root="99235b71-e43f-45d7-a535-f17e520e1698"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">5.2</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Blood Dyscrasias</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Myelosuppression, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia and aplastic anemia have been reported with colchicine used in therapeutic doses.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_5_3_Drug_Interactions">
              <id root="34b7f541-c886-4ae1-884d-d6899b063aad"/>
              <code code="34073-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="DRUG INTERACTIONS SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">5.3</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Drug Interactions</content>
                <content styleCode="bold"> </content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Because colchicine is a substrate for both the CYP3A4 metabolizing enzyme and the P-gp efflux transporter, inhibition of either of these pathways may lead to colchicine-related toxicity.  Inhibition of both CYP3A4 and P-gp by dual inhibitors (i.e., clarithromycin) has been reported to produce life-threatening or fatal colchicine toxicity due to significant increases in systemic colchicine levels.  Therefore, concomitant use of GLOPERBA with inhibitors of both CYP3A4 and P-gp should be avoided.   If treatment with colchicine is necessary, a reduced daily dose should be considered and the patient should be closely monitored for colchicine toxicity [<content styleCode="italics">see Drug Interactions (</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_7_Drug_Interactions">7</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
                <paragraph>Use of GLOPERBA in conjunction with drugs that inhibit both CYP3A4 and P-gp is contraindicated in patients with renal or hepatic impairment [<content styleCode="italics">see </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Contraindications (</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_4_Contraindications">4</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_5_4_Neuromuscular_Toxicity">
              <id root="21cb82e8-c5e0-4384-9f8b-05f90b7c8ebc"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">5.4</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Neuromuscular Toxicity</content>
                <content styleCode="bold"> </content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Colchicine-induced neuromuscular toxicity and rhabdomyolysis have been reported with chronic treatment in therapeutic doses, especially in combination with other drugs known to cause this effect.  Patients with impaired renal function and elderly patients, even those with normal renal and hepatic function, are at increased risk.  Once colchicine treatment is stopped, the symptoms generally resolve within one week to several months.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_6_Adverse_Reactions">
          <id root="b65938ed-8a3e-4e5f-bf69-5b70a9066955"/>
          <code code="34084-4" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">6</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">ADVERSE REACTIONS</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>Gastrointestinal disorders are the most common adverse reactions with colchicine.  These disorders are often the first signs of toxicity and may indicate that the colchicine dose needs to be reduced or therapy stopped.  These disorders include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>Colchicine has been reported to cause neuromuscular toxicity, which may present as muscle pain or weakness [<content styleCode="italics">see Warnings and Precautions (</content>
              <content styleCode="italics">
                <linkHtml href="#_5_4_Neuromuscular_Toxicity">5.4</linkHtml>
              </content>
              <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
            <paragraph>Toxic manifestations associated with colchicine include myelosuppression, disseminated intravascular coagulation and injury to cells in the renal, hepatic, circulatory and central nervous systems.  These toxicities most often occur with excessive accumulation or overdosage [<content styleCode="italics">see Overdosage (</content>
              <content styleCode="italics">
                <linkHtml href="#_10_Overdosage">10</linkHtml>
              </content>
              <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
            <paragraph>The following adverse reactions have been reported with colchicine.  These adverse reactions have been generally reversible upon interrupting treatment or lowering the dose of colchicine.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="italics">Neurological</content>:  sensory motor neuropathy</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="italics">Dermatological</content>:  alopecia, maculopapular rash, purpura, rash</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="italics">Digestive</content>:  abdominal cramping, abdominal pain, diarrhea, lactose intolerance, nausea, vomiting</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="italics">Hematological</content>:  leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, aplastic anemia</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="italics">Hepatobiliary</content>:  elevated AST, elevated ALT</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="italics">Musculoskeletal</content>:  myopathy, elevated CPK, myotonia, muscle weakness, muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis </paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="italics">Reproductive</content>:  azoospermia, oligospermia</paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                  <item>The most commonly reported adverse reactions with colchicine are gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain (<linkHtml href="#_6_Adverse_Reactions">6</linkHtml>).</item>
                </list>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold">
                    <br/>
                    <br/>To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Romeg Therapeutics, LLC at (1 800 758 9702) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (www.fda.gov/medwatch).</content>
                </paragraph>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_7_Drug_Interactions">
          <id root="40d9469e-509a-4a4a-8a9f-253b1a39c8a1"/>
          <code code="34073-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="DRUG INTERACTIONS SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">7</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">DRUG INTERACTIONS</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>Colchicine is a substrate of the CYP3A4 metabolizing enzyme and the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux transporter.  Fatal drug interactions have been reported when colchicine is administered with clarithromycin, a dual inhibitor of CYP3A4 and P- glycoprotein.  Toxicities have also been reported when colchicine is administered with inhibitors of CYP3A4 that may not be potent inhibitors of P-gp (e.g., grapefruit juice, erythromycin, verapamil), or inhibitors of P-gp that may not be potent inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., cyclosporine). </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should not be given GLOPERBA with drugs that inhibit both CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein [<content styleCode="italics">see</content> <content styleCode="italics">Contraindications</content>
              <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
              <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
              <content styleCode="italics">
                <linkHtml href="#_4_Contraindications">4</linkHtml>
              </content>
              <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].  Combining these dual inhibitors with GLOPERBA in patients with renal and hepatic impairment has resulted in life-threatening or fatal colchicine toxicity.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>Physicians should ensure that patients are suitable candidates for treatment with GLOPERBA and remain alert for signs and symptoms of toxic reactions associated with increased colchicine exposure due to drug interactions.  Signs and symptoms of colchicine toxicity should be evaluated promptly and, if toxicity is suspected, consider lowering the dose, interruption or discontinuation of GLOPERBA.</paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                  <item>Co-administration of CYP3A4 or P-gp inhibitors or inhibitors of both CYP3A4 and P-gp (e.g., clarithromycin or cyclosporine) have been reported to lead to colchicine toxicity. The potential for drug-drug interactions must be considered prior to and during therapy (<linkHtml href="#_7_Drug_Interactions">7</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>Concomitant use of GLOPERBA and inhibitors of both CYP3A4 and P-gp should be avoided if possible.  If co-administration with a CYP3A4 and P-gp inhibitor is required, the patients’ dose of colchicine may need to be reduced or interrupted, and the patient should be monitored carefully for colchicine toxicity (<linkHtml href="#_7_Drug_Interactions">7</linkHtml>).</item>
                </list>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="30367288-23e5-40a2-8048-b0a2df914482"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">7.1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">CYP3A4</content>
                <content styleCode="bold"> </content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>The concomitant use of GLOPERBA and CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., clarithromycin, ketoconazole, grapefruit juice, erythromycin, verapamil, etc.) should be avoided due to the potential for serious and life-threatening toxicity [<content styleCode="italics">see</content> <content styleCode="italics">Warnings</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> and</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Precautions</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_5_3_Drug_Interactions">5.3</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content> and <content styleCode="italics">Clinical</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Pharmacology</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">12.3</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
                <paragraph>If co-administration of GLOPERBA and a CYP3A4 inhibitor is necessary, the dose of GLOPERBA should be adjusted by either reducing the daily dose or reducing the dose frequency, and the patient should be monitored carefully for colchicine toxicity [<content styleCode="italics">see</content> <content styleCode="italics">Clinical</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Pharmacology</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">12.3</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="4be1ee3e-af6b-45ae-90e1-255ffd7f6b06"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">7.2</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">P</content>-<content styleCode="bold">Glycoprotein</content>
                <content styleCode="bold"> </content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>The concomitant use of GLOPERBA and inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (e.g. clarithromycin, ketoconazole, cyclosporine, etc.) should be avoided due to the potential for serious and life-threatening toxicity [<content styleCode="italics">see</content> <content styleCode="italics">Warnings</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> and</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Precautions</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_5_3_Drug_Interactions">5.3</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content> and <content styleCode="italics">Clinical</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Pharmacology</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">12.3</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
                <paragraph>If co-administration of GLOPERBA and a P-gp inhibitor is necessary, the dose of GLOPERBA should be adjusted by either reducing the daily dose or reducing the dose frequency, and the patient should be monitored carefully for colchicine toxicity [<content styleCode="italics">see</content> <content styleCode="italics">Clinical</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Pharmacology</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">12.3</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="4ee8ea5c-5b77-421c-a11a-0e986ca56188"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">7.3</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">HMG</content>-<content styleCode="bold">CoA Reductase Inhibitors and Fibrates</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Some drugs such as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and fibrates may increase the risk of myopathy when combined with GLOPERBA.  Complaints of muscle pain or weakness could be an indication to check serum creatinine kinase levels for signs of myopathy.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="6b7ba253-ba92-43d5-b57f-9871b661c027"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">7.4</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Drug Interaction Studies</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Two pharmacokinetic studies evaluated the effects of co-administration of posaconazole (300 mg QD), ciprofloxacin (500 mg BID), amlodipine (5 to 10 mg QD), and carvedilol (20 to 40 mg QD) on the systemic levels of colchicine.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>GLOPERBA can be administered with amlodipine, carvedilol, and ciprofloxacin at the tested doses without a need for dose adjustment.  However, the results should not be extrapolated to other co-administered drugs.  Colchicine plasma levels were markedly elevated when GLOPERBA was co-administered with posaconazole.  The recommended dose of GLOPERBA when co-administered with posaconazole is 0.24 mg (2 mL).</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_8_1_Pregnancy">
          <id root="1f23dd93-419c-496f-8c6c-c319dfb7465d"/>
          <code code="43684-0" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">8</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS</content>
          </title>
          <text/>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <excerpt>
            <highlight>
              <text>
                <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                  <item>In the presence of renal or hepatic impairment, patients should be monitored closely and dose adjustment should be considered as necessary (<linkHtml href="#_8_6_Renal_Impairment">8.6</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_8_7_Hepatic_Impairment">8.7</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>Females and Males of Reproductive Potential:  Advise males that GLOPERBA may rarely and transiently impair fertility (<linkHtml href="#_8_3_Females_and">8.3</linkHtml>).<br/>
                  </item>
                  <item>Geriatric Use:  The recommended dose of colchicine should be based on renal and hepatic function (<linkHtml href="#_8_5_Geriatric_Use">8.5</linkHtml>, <linkHtml href="#_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">12.3</linkHtml>).</item>
                </list>
              </text>
            </highlight>
          </excerpt>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="3b140da5-adba-4f51-ad35-49890f6f919e"/>
              <code code="42228-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="PREGNANCY SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">8.1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Pregnancy</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="underline">Risk Summary</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Available human data from published literature on colchicine use in pregnancy over several decades have not identified any drug associated risks for major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes <content styleCode="italics">(see Data)</content>.  Although animal reproduction and development studies were not conducted with GLOPERBA, published animal reproduction and development studies indicate that colchicine causes embryofetal toxicity and altered postnatal development at exposures within or above the clinical therapeutic range.  </paragraph>
                <paragraph>The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.  All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss or other adverse outcomes.  In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="underline">Data</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Available data from published observational studies, case series, and case reports over several decades do not suggest an increased risk for major birth defects or miscarriage in pregnant women with rheumatic diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, Behçet’s disease, or familial Mediterranean fever (FMF)) treated with colchicine at therapeutic doses during pregnancy.  Limitations of these data include the lack of randomization and inability to control for confounders such as underlying maternal disease and maternal use of concomitant medications.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_8_2_Lactation">
              <id root="a0e37a4f-1671-4823-8517-0d6203f39e44"/>
              <code code="77290-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="LACTATION SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">8.2</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Lactation</content>
                <content styleCode="bold"> </content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="underline">Risk Summary</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Colchicine is present in human milk <content styleCode="italics">(see Data)</content>.  Adverse events in breastfed infants have not been reported in the published literature after administration of colchicine to lactating women.  There are no data on the effects of colchicine on milk production.  The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for GLOPERBA and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from GLOPERBA or from the underlying maternal condition<content styleCode="italics">.</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="underline">Data</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Limited published data from case reports and a small lactation study demonstrate that colchicine is present in breastmilk.  A systematic review of literature reported no adverse effects in 149 breastfed children and advised to reconsider breastfeeding if the infant has diarrhea.  In a prospective observational cohort study, no gastrointestinal or other symptoms were reported in 38 colchicine-exposed breastfed infants.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_8_3_Females_and">
              <id root="b0c3df1c-fd29-4e36-8737-3496d68dff0c"/>
              <code code="77291-3" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="FEMALES &amp; MALES OF REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">8.3</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Females and Males of Reproductive </content>
                <content styleCode="bold">Potential</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="underline">Infertility</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Case reports and epidemiology studies in human male subjects on colchicine therapy indicate that infertility from colchicine is rare and may be reversible.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="2f3dd308-48a4-43dd-8c79-ab1c9cb0623c"/>
              <code code="34081-0" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="PEDIATRIC USE SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">8.4</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Pediatric Use</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Gout is rare in pediatric patients; safety and effectiveness of GLOPERBA in pediatric patients has not been established.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_8_5_Geriatric_Use">
              <id root="e113640c-e02d-4769-ba4e-753b18330712"/>
              <code code="34082-8" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="GERIATRIC USE SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">8.5</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Geriatric Use</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Because of the increased incidence of decreased renal function in the elderly population, and the higher incidence of other co-morbid conditions in the elderly population requiring the use of other medications, reducing the dosage of colchicine when elderly patients are treated with colchicine should be carefully considered [<content styleCode="italics">see </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Clinical Pharmacology</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> (</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">12.3</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_8_6_Renal_Impairment">
              <id root="5cd18ba2-a8ff-48c8-b385-80f9ff11cd45"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">8.6</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Renal Impairment</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>No dedicated pharmacokinetic study has been conducted using GLOPERBA in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment.  Colchicine is known to be excreted in urine in humans and the presence of severe renal impairment has been associated with colchicine toxicity.  Urinary clearance of colchicine and its metabolites may be decreased in patients with impaired renal function.  Dose reduction or alternatives should be considered for the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with severe renal impairment.  Colchicine is not effectively removed by hemodialysis.  Patients who are undergoing hemodialysis should be monitored carefully for colchicine toxicity.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_8_7_Hepatic_Impairment">
              <id root="552770a2-d088-4627-b5e9-c4d42172aafe"/>
              <code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">8.7</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Hepatic Impairment</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>No dedicated pharmacokinetic study using GLOPERBA has been conducted in patients with varying degrees of hepatic impairment.  Colchicine is known to be metabolized in humans and the presence of severe hepatic impairment has been associated with colchicine toxicity.  Hepatic clearance of colchicine may be significantly reduced and plasma half-life prolonged in patients with chronic hepatic impairment.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>Dose reduction or alternatives should be considered for the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with severe hepatic impairment.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="_10_Overdosage">
          <id root="51d1fff9-760b-43e3-8bf1-20f32ccdf6a4"/>
          <code code="34088-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="OVERDOSAGE SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">10</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">OVERDOSAGE</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>The dose of colchicine that would induce significant toxicity for an individual is unknown.  Fatalities have occurred after ingestion of a dose as low as 7 mg over a four-day period, while other patients have survived after ingesting more than 60 mg.  A review of 150 patients who overdosed on colchicine found that those who ingested less than 0.5 mg/kg survived and tended to have milder adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal symptoms, whereas those who took 0.5 to 0.8 mg/kg had more severe adverse reactions, including myelosuppression.  There was 100% mortality in those who ingested more than 0.8 mg/kg.</paragraph>
            <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
              <item>The first stage of acute colchicine toxicity typically begins within 24 hours of ingestion and includes gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and significant fluid loss, leading to volume depletion.  Peripheral leukocytosis may also be seen.<br/>
              </item>
              <item>Life-threatening complications occur during the second stage, which occurs 24 to 72 hours after drug administration, attributed to multiorgan failure and its consequences.  Death is usually a result of respiratory depression and cardiovascular collapse.  If the patient survives, recovery of multiorgan injury may be accompanied by rebound leukocytosis and alopecia starting about one week after the initial ingestion.<br/>
              </item>
              <item>Treatment of colchicine poisoning should begin with gastric lavage and measures to prevent shock. Otherwise, treatment is symptomatic and supportive.  No specific antidote is known.  Colchicine is not effectively removed by hemodialysis <content styleCode="italics">[see </content>
                <content styleCode="italics">Clinical Pharmacology</content>
                <content styleCode="italics"> (</content>
                <content styleCode="italics">
                  <linkHtml href="#_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">12.3</linkHtml>
                </content>
                <content styleCode="italics">)].</content>
              </item>
            </list>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="ae4bce42-c382-4420-aefb-bca28b3c9755"/>
          <code code="34089-3" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="DESCRIPTION SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">11</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">DESCRIPTION</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>Colchicine is an alkaloid obtained from various species of <content styleCode="italics">Colchicum</content>.  The chemical name for colchicine is (<content styleCode="italics">S</content>)-<content styleCode="italics">N</content>-(5,6,7,9- tetrahydro-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxobenzo[<content styleCode="italics">a</content>]heptalen-7-yl) acetamide with a molecular formula of C<sub>22</sub>H<sub>25</sub>NO<sub>6</sub> and a molecular weight of 399.4.  The structural formula of colchicine is provided in Figure1.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">Figure </content>
              <content styleCode="bold">1</content>
              <content styleCode="bold">:</content>
              <content styleCode="bold">
		     
	Colchicine Structural Formula</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <renderMultiMedia referencedObject="MM03000001"/>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Colchicine consists of pale yellow scales or powder; it darkens on exposure to light.  Colchicine is soluble in water, freely soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in ether.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>GLOPERBA is supplied for oral administration as a slightly hazy, red liquid with a cherry odor, containing 0.6 mg/5 mL of the active ingredient colchicine USP.  Inactive ingredients:  benzyl alcohol, FD&amp;C Red No. 40, artificial cherry flavor, anhydrous citric acid, dibasic sodium phosphate, glycerin, propylene glycol, sucralose, xanthan gum and purified water.</paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <component>
            <observationMedia ID="MM03000001">
              <text>Figure 1:	Colchicine Structural Formula</text>
              <value mediaType="image/jpeg" xsi:type="ED">
                <reference value="gloperba-01.jpg"/>
              </value>
            </observationMedia>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="f85cd057-4c20-4f0f-bd72-14563a836345"/>
          <code code="34090-1" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">12</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</content>
          </title>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="248d3266-9217-4b04-b982-b283b0346f68"/>
              <code code="43679-0" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="MECHANISM OF ACTION SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">12.1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Mechanism of Action</content>
                <content styleCode="bold"> </content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Colchicine’s effectiveness as a prophylactic treatment for gout has been postulated to be due to its ability to block neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses induced by monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid.  Colchicine disrupts the polymerization of β-tubulin into microtubules, thereby preventing the activation, degranulation and migration of neutrophils to sites of inflammation.  Colchicine also interferes with the inflammasome complex found in neutrophils and monocytes that mediates interleukin-1β (IL-1β) activation.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="8f928104-11af-4dc6-9047-3d86b3a7a3ec"/>
              <code code="43681-6" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="PHARMACODYNAMICS SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">12.2</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Pharmacodynamics</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>The pharmacodynamics of colchicine are unknown.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section ID="_12_3_Pharmacokinetics">
              <id root="19eb82a1-514d-417c-8e56-ba150174f6a8"/>
              <code code="43682-4" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="PHARMACOKINETICS SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">12.3</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Pharmacokinetics</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold italics underline">Absorption</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>In healthy adults, GLOPERBA reached a mean C<sub>max</sub> of 2.16 ± 0.87 ng/mL in 1 hour (range 0.5 to 2 hours) after a single dose administered under fasting conditions.  A minimal food effect was observed when GLOPERBA was administered following a high fat, high calorie meal.  A slight decrease in C<sub>max</sub> was observed; however, the overall extent of absorption based on AUC<sub>0</sub>-<sub>t</sub> and AUC<sub>0</sub>-<sub>inf</sub>, was similar in the fed and fasted states.  The absolute bioavailability of colchicine is reported to be approximately 45%.  Mean pharmacokinetic parameter values for GLOPERBA in healthy adults are shown in Table1.</paragraph>
                <table>
                  <col width="239"/>
                  <col width="239"/>
                  <col width="239"/>
                  <tbody>
                    <tr>
                      <td colspan="3">
                        <content styleCode="bold">Table </content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">1</content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">:</content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">
		     
	Mean Pharmacokinetic Parameter Estimates for </content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">GLOPERBA </content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">in Healthy Adults</content>
                        <br/>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                        <content styleCode="bold">Parameter</content>
                      </td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                        <content styleCode="bold">GLOPERBA</content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">, 0.6 mg </content>
                        <br/>
                        <content styleCode="bold">(0.12 mg/mL, 5 mL)</content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">
                          <br/>Fasted (N=34)</content>
                      </td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                        <content styleCode="bold">GLOPERBA</content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">, 0.6 mg</content>
                        <br/>
                        <content styleCode="bold"> (0.12 mg/mL, 5 mL)</content>
                        <content styleCode="bold">
                          <br/>Fed (N=34)</content>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">C<sub>max</sub> (ng/mL)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">2.16 (0.87)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">1.68 (0.39)</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">AUC<sub>0</sub>-<sub>t</sub> (h∙ng/mL)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">18.59 (4.64)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">17.20 (4.23)</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">AUC<sub>0</sub>-<sub>inf</sub> (h∙ng/mL)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">19.90 (4.74)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">18.47 (4.29)</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">T<sub>max</sub> (h) (Min-Max)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">1.00 (0.50: 2.00)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">2.00 (1.00: 4.00)</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">t<sub>1/2</sub> (h)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">31.04 (5.99)</td>
                      <td styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">30.54 (5.22)</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td colspan="3" styleCode="Toprule "/>
                    </tr>
                  </tbody>
                </table>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold italics underline">Distribution</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>The mean apparent volume of distribution(V<sub>z</sub>/F) of GLOPERBA in healthy adults was approximately 1420 L.  Colchicine binding to serum protein is reported to be low (39%) primarily due to albumin regardless of concentration.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>Colchicine crosses the placenta (plasma levels in the fetus are reported to be approximately 15% of the maternal concentration) [s<content styleCode="italics">ee </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Use in Specific Populations</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> (</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_8_1_Pregnancy">8.1</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].  Colchicine also distributes into breast milk at concentrations similar to those found in the maternal serum [s<content styleCode="italics">ee </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Use in Specific Populations </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_8_2_Lactation">8.2</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold italics underline">Metabolism</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="italics">In </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">vitro</content> studies using human liver microsomes have shown that CYP3A4 is involved in the metabolism of colchicine to 2-<content styleCode="italics">O</content>-demethylcolchicine (2-DMC) and 3-<content styleCode="italics">O</content>-demethylcolchicine (3-DMC).  Glucuronidation is also believed to be a metabolic pathway for colchicine.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold italics underline">Elimination</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>The mean elimination half-life of GLOPERBA in healthy adults is 31 hours (± 6 hours).  In a published study in healthy adults approximately 40 to 65% of a single 1-mg oral dose of colchicine was reported to be recovered unchanged in urine.  Enterohepatic recirculation and biliary excretion are postulated to play a role in colchicine elimination.  Colchicine is also a substrate of P-gp, and P-gp efflux is postulated to play an important role in colchicine disposition.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold italics underline">Specific</content>
                  <content styleCode="bold italics underline"> Populations</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>There is no difference between men and women in the pharmacokinetic disposition of colchicine.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">Pediatric Patients</content>:  Pharmacokinetics of colchicine were not evaluated in pediatric patients.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">Geriatric Patients</content>:  Pharmacokinetics of GLOPERBA have not been determined in elderly patients.  A published report described the pharmacokinetics of a 1-mg oral colchicine tablet dose in four elderly women compared to six young healthy males.  The mean age of the four elderly women was 83 years (range 75 to 93), mean weight was 47 kg (38 to 61 kg) and mean creatinine clearance was 46 mL/minute (range 25 to 75 mL/minute).  Mean peak plasma levels and AUC of colchicine were two times higher in elderly subjects compared to young healthy males.  It is possible that the higher exposure in the elderly subjects was due to decreased renal function.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">Patients with </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">Renal </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">I</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">mpairment</content>:  Pharmacokinetics of colchicine in patients with mild and moderate renal impairment is not known.  A published report described the disposition of colchicine (1 mg) in young adult men and women patients who had end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis compared to patients with normal renal function.  Patients with end-stage renal disease had 75% lower colchicine clearance (0.17 vs. 0.73 L/hr/kg) and prolonged plasma elimination half-life (18.8 hours vs. 4.4 hours) as compared to subjects with normal renal function [s<content styleCode="italics">ee </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Use in Specific Populations</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">(</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_8_6_Renal_Impairment">8.6</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">Patients with </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">Hepatic </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">I</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics underline">mpairment</content>:  Published reports on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous colchicine in patients with severe chronic liver disease, as well as those with alcoholic or primary biliary cirrhosis, and normal renal function suggest wide inter-patient variability.  In some subjects with mild to moderate cirrhosis, the clearance of colchicine is significantly reduced and plasma half-life prolonged compared to healthy subjects.  In subjects with primary biliary cirrhosis, no consistent trends were noted [s<content styleCode="italics">ee </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">Use in Specific Populations</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics"> (</content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">
                    <linkHtml href="#_8_7_Hepatic_Impairment">8.7</linkHtml>
                  </content>
                  <content styleCode="italics">)</content>].  No pharmacokinetic data are available for patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C).</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold italics underline">Drug Interactions</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Pharmacokinetic studies evaluating changes in systemic levels of colchicine when co-administered with CYP3A4 and P-gp inhibitors in healthy subjects have been conducted with GOLPERBA.  Carvedilol 20 to 40 mg QD (considered a P-gp inhibitor), amlodipine 5 to 10 mg QD (considered a weak inhibitor of CYP3A4) and ciprofloxacin 500 mg BID (considered a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor) did not cause any significant changes in colchicine systemic levels.  Co-administration with posaconazole 300 mg QD (considered a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) increased AUC by approximately 3-fold.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>These results should not be extrapolated to other inhibitors as colchicine is known to be a substrate for CYP3A4 and P-gp, and case reports of colchicine toxicity associated with the co-administration of CYP3A4 and P-gp inhibitors (i.e., clarithromycin) have been published.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>Fatal drug interactions have been reported when colchicine is administered with clarithromycin, a dual inhibitor of CYP3A4 and P-gp.  Toxicities have also been reported when colchicine is administered with inhibitors of CYP3A4 that may not be potent inhibitors of P-gp (e.g., grapefruit juice), or inhibitors of P-gp that may not be potent inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., cyclosporine).  If treatment with a P-gp and CYP3A4 inhibitor is required in patients with normal renal and hepatic function, the patients’ dose of colchicine may need to be reduced or interrupted.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="53e2b078-0987-4a42-aaae-729c90063b94"/>
          <code code="43680-8" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">13</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY</content>
          </title>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="bb406bb5-7720-4320-a470-e6b96adcec61"/>
              <code code="34083-6" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="CARCINOGENESIS &amp; MUTAGENESIS &amp; IMPAIRMENT OF FERTILITY SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">13.1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold">Carcinogenesis</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Carcinogenicity studies of colchicine have not been conducted.  Due to the potential for colchicine to produce aneuploid cells (cells with an unequal number of chromosomes), colchicine presents a theoretical increased risk of malignancy.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold">Mutagenesis</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>Colchicine was negative for mutagenicity in the bacterial reverse mutation assay.  In a chromosomal aberration assay in cultured human white blood cells, colchicine treatment resulted in the formation of micronuclei. Since published studies demonstrated that colchicine induces aneuploidy from the process of mitotic nondisjunction without structural DNA changes, colchicine is not considered clastogenic, although micronuclei are formed.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>
                  <content styleCode="bold">Impairment of Fertility</content>
                </paragraph>
                <paragraph>There were no studies conducted of the effects of GLOPERBA on fertility.  Published nonclinical studies have demonstrated that colchicine-induced disruption of microtubule formation affects meiosis and mitosis.  Published colchicine reproductive studies have reported abnormal sperm morphology and reduced sperm counts in males and interference with sperm penetration, second meiotic division and normal cleavage in females.</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="ace5c2a8-2c93-4536-826e-8c7e09321099"/>
          <code code="34092-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="CLINICAL STUDIES SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">14</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">CLINICAL STUDIES</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>The evidence for the efficacy of colchicine in patients with chronic gout is derived from the published literature. Two randomized clinical trials assessed the efficacy of colchicine 0.6 mg twice a day for the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with gout initiating treatment with urate-lowering therapy.  In both trials, treatment with colchicine decreased the frequency of gout flares. </paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="a6d4f432-63f7-45b5-a6d4-b4b98a5b4721"/>
          <code code="34069-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="HOW SUPPLIED SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">16</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING</content>
          </title>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="7be303a3-a4e9-40ac-98a4-e90fe1cb0bb8"/>
              <code code="34069-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="HOW SUPPLIED SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">16.1</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">How Supplied</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>GLOPERBA (colchicine) Oral Solution is a slightly hazy, red liquid with a cherry odor and the strength of 0.6 mg/5 mL.  GLOPERBA (150 mL) is provided in a white, oblong, high density polyethylene bottle with a child-resistant cap.</paragraph>
                <paragraph>150 mL:
		     
	NDC 72690-010-05</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
          <component>
            <section>
              <id root="18a94933-8e59-4990-bc05-a16e7a09adab"/>
              <code code="44425-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="STORAGE AND HANDLING SECTION"/>
              <title>
                <content styleCode="bold">16.2</content>
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Storage</content>
              </title>
              <text>
                <paragraph>Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].</paragraph>
              </text>
              <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
            </section>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="8020d64c-3075-4429-9206-334e3f647a3a"/>
          <code code="34076-0" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS SECTION"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">1</content>
            <content styleCode="bold">7</content>
            <content styleCode="bold">
		     
	PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (<linkHtml href="#MEDICATIONGUIDE">Medication Guide</linkHtml>).</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">Dosing Instructions</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Patients should be advised to take GLOPERBA as prescribed, even if they are feeling better. Patients should not alter the dose or discontinue treatment without consulting with their doctor.  If a dose of GLOPERBA is missed, take the dose as soon as possible and then return to the normal dosing schedule. However, if a dose is skipped the patient should not double the next dose.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>Advise patients and caregivers to measure GLOPERBA with an accurate milliliter measuring device.  A household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device.  Advise patients and caregivers to ask their pharmacist to recommend an appropriate measuring device and for instructions for measuring the correct dose.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">Fatal Overdose</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Instruct patient that fatal overdoses, both accidental and intentional, have been reported in adults and children who have ingested colchicine.  GLOPERBA should be kept out of the reach of children.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">Blood Dyscrasias</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Patients should be informed that bone marrow depression with agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and thrombocytopenia may occur with GLOPERBA.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">Drug and Food Interactions</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Advise patients that many drugs or other substances may interact with GLOPERBA and some interactions could be fatal.  Therefore, patients should report to their healthcare provider all of the current medications they are taking and check with their healthcare provider before starting any new medications, including short-term medications such as antibiotics.  Patients should also be advised to report the use of nonprescription medication or herbal products.  Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may also interact and should not be consumed during GLOPERBA treatment.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">Neuromus</content>
              <content styleCode="bold">cular Toxicity</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Patients should be informed that muscle pain or weakness, tingling or numbness in fingers or toes may occur with GLOPERBA alone or when it is used with certain other drugs.  Patients developing any of these signs or symptoms must discontinue GLOPERBA and seek medical evaluation immediately.</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">Infertility</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>Advise males of reproductive potential that GLOPERBA may rarely and transiently impair fertility <content styleCode="italics">[see Use in Specific Populations (</content>
              <content styleCode="italics">
                <linkHtml href="#_8_3_Females_and">8.3</linkHtml>
              </content>
              <content styleCode="italics">)].</content>
            </paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <content styleCode="bold">R</content>
              <content styleCode="bold">x</content>
              <content styleCode="bold">
                <sub> </sub>
              </content>
              <content styleCode="bold">ONLY</content>
            </paragraph>
            <table>
              <col width="332"/>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="right">
                    <content styleCode="bold">Revised:  </content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">2</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">/</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">201</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">9</content>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <content styleCode="bold">Manufactured for:</content>
                    <br/>ROMEG Therapeutics, LLC<br/>Woburn, MA  01801  USA</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td/>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section ID="MEDICATIONGUIDE">
          <id root="bbfbfb8f-b0d5-416c-a4f8-4bb30aa71134"/>
          <code code="42231-1" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL MEDGUIDE SECTION"/>
          <title/>
          <text>
            <table>
              <col width="179"/>
              <col width="179"/>
              <col width="179"/>
              <col width="179"/>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="center" colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">MEDICATION GUIDE</content>
                    <br/>
                    <content styleCode="bold">GLOPERBA</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">
                      <sup>®</sup>
                    </content>
                    <content styleCode="bold"> (</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">Glow per’ bah</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">)</content>
                    <br/>
                    <content styleCode="bold">(colchicine)  Oral Solution</content>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">What is the most important information I should know about GLOPERBA?</content>
                    <br/>GLOPERBA can cause serious side effects or death if levels of GLOPERBA are too high in your body.<list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>Taking certain medicines with GLOPERBA can cause your level of GLOPERBA to be too high, especially if you have kidney or liver problems.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>Tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you have kidney or liver problems.  Your dose of GLOPERBA may need to be changed.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and nonprescription medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>Medicines that you take for a short period of time, such as antibiotics, can interact with GLOPERBA and cause serious side effects or death.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist before taking any new medicine.</item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">What is GLOPERBA?</content>
                    <br/>GLOPERBA is a prescription medicine used to prevent gout flares in adults.<br/>It is not known if GLOPERBA is safe and effective for the treatment of sudden (acute) gout flares.<br/>GLOPERBA is not a pain medicine, and it should not be taken to treat pain related to other medical conditions unless specifically prescribed for those conditions.<br/>It is not known if GLOPERBA is safe and effective in children.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">Do not take GLOPERBA if you:</content>
                    <br/>
                    <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>have liver or kidney problems and you take certain other medicines, unless directed to by a healthcare provider.  Serious side effects, including death, have happened in people even when GLOPERBA is taken as directed.  <br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>have liver and kidney problems.</item>
                    </list>See "<content styleCode="bold">What is the most important information that I should know about GLOPERBA?</content>"</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">Before taking GLOPERBA, tell your healthcare provide</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">r</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold"> about all of your medical conditions, including if you:</content>
                    <br/>
                    <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.  It is not known if GLOPERBA can harm your unborn baby.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed.  GLOPERBA can pass into your breast milk.  Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby if you take GLOPERBA.  <br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>are a<content styleCode="bold"> male </content>with a female partner who can become pregnant.  Receiving treatment with GLOPERBA may be related to infertility in some men that is reversible when treatment is stopped.</item>
                    </list>Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription, over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.<br/>
                    <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>Using GLOPERBA with certain other medicines can affect each other, causing serious side effects or death.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>
                        <content styleCode="bold">Do not </content>take GLOPERBA with other medicines unless your healthcare provider tells you to.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>Know the medicines you take.  Keep a list of your medicines with you to show your healthcare provider and pharmacist each time you get a new medicine.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take:<br/>○ medicines that may affect how your liver works (CYP3A4 inhibitors)<br/>○ a medicine called cyclosporine (Noeral, Gengraf, Sandimmune) <br/>○ cholesterol lowering medicines, or<br/>○ antibiotics</item>
                    </list>Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you are not sure if you take any of the medicines listed above.  This is not a complete list of all the medicines that can affect GLOPERBA.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">How should I take GLOPERBA?</content>
                    <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>Take GLOPERBA exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it.  If you are not sure about your dosing, call your healthcare provider.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>Measure GLOPERBA with an accurate milliliter measuring device.  <content styleCode="bold">A household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device.  </content>Ask your pharmacist to recommend a measuring device and for instructions on how to measure the correct dose.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>GLOPERBA can be taken with or without food.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>If you take too much GLOPERBA, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.<br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>
                        <content styleCode="bold">Do not stop taking GLOPERBA unless your healthcare provider tells you.</content>
                        <br/>
                      </item>
                      <item>If you miss a dose of GLOPERBA, take it as soon as you remember.  If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose.  Take the next dose at your regular time.  Do not take 2 doses at the same time.  </item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">What should I avoid while taking GLOPERBA?</content>
                    <br/>Avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while taking GLOPERBA.  It can increase your chances of having serious side effects.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">What are the possible side effects of GLOPERBA?</content>
                    <br/>GLOPERBA can cause serious side effects, including:<br/>See "<content styleCode="bold">What is the most important information that I should know about GLOPERBA?</content>"<list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>
                        <content styleCode="bold">Blood problems.  </content>Blood problems have happened in some people taking GLOPERBA.  Get medical help right away if you have any of these symptoms:</item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="2" styleCode="Lrule ">○ pale or gray color to your lips, tongue or palms of your hands.</td>
                  <td colspan="2" styleCode="Rrule ">○ feel weak or tired</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="2" styleCode="Lrule ">○ unusual bleeding or bruising</td>
                  <td colspan="2" styleCode="Rrule ">○ increased infections</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Lrule Rrule ">
                    <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>
                        <content styleCode="bold">Muscle weakness (neuromuscular toxicity)</content>.  Muscle weakness has happened in some people taking GLOPERBA.  Get medical help right away if you have any of these symptoms:</item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="2" styleCode="Lrule ">○ muscle weakness or pain</td>
                  <td colspan="2" styleCode="Rrule ">○<content styleCode="bold"> </content>numbness or tingling in your fingers or toes</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Lrule Rrule ">The most common side effects of GLOPERBA include:</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td styleCode="Lrule ">○ diarrhea</td>
                  <td>○ nausea</td>
                  <td>○ vomiting</td>
                  <td styleCode="Rrule ">○ abdominal (stomach) pain</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Lrule Rrule ">Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.<br/>These are not all of the possible side effects of GLOPERBA.  Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.  You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">How should I store GLOPERBA?</content>
                    <br/>
                    <list listType="unordered" styleCode="Disc">
                      <item>Store GLOPERBA at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C).</item>
                    </list>
                    <content styleCode="bold">Keep GLOPERBA and all medicines out of the reach of children.</content>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">General information about the safe and effective use of GLOPERBA.</content>
                    <br/>Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide.  Do not use GLOPERBA for a condition for which it was not prescribed.  Do not give GLOPERBA to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have.  It may harm them.  <br/>If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider.  You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about GLOPERBA that is written for healthcare professionals.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">What are the ingredients in GLOPERBA?</content>
                    <br/>
                    <content styleCode="bold">Active Ingredient</content>:  colchicine<br/>
                    <content styleCode="bold">Inactive Ingredients:</content>  benzyl alcohol, FD&amp;C Red No. 40, artificial cherry flavor, anhydrous citric acid, dibasic sodium phosphate, glycerin, propylene glycol, sucralose, xanthan gum and purified water.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">R</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">x</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold"> ONLY</content>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Lrule Rrule ">
                    <content styleCode="bold">Manufactured for:</content>
                    <br/>ROMEG Therapeutics, LLC<br/>Woburn, MA  01801  USA</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Lrule Rrule ">For more information, call 1-800-758-9702.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="4" styleCode="Toprule ">This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration
		     
	<content styleCode="bold">Issued:  </content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">2</content>
                    <content styleCode="bold">/2019</content>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="a03cc463-6a5e-4ea2-a5bc-89b6b8e5e297"/>
          <code code="51945-4" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>NDC 72690-010-05<br/>150 mL<br/>GLOPERBA<br/>(colchicine) oral solution<br/>0.6 mg/5 mL<br/>Rx Only</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <renderMultiMedia referencedObject="MM03000002"/>
            </paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <component>
            <observationMedia ID="MM03000002">
              <text>PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
NDC 72690-010-05
150 mL
GLOPERBA
(colchicine) oral solution
0.6 mg/5 mL
Rx Only
</text>
              <value mediaType="image/jpeg" xsi:type="ED">
                <reference value="gloperba-02.jpg"/>
              </value>
            </observationMedia>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
      <component>
        <section>
          <id root="3e97d142-8f9f-482b-9b8f-034bf57d8c54"/>
          <code code="51945-4" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL"/>
          <title>
            <content styleCode="bold">PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL</content>
          </title>
          <text>
            <paragraph>NDC 72690-010-05<br/>150 mL<br/>GLOPERBA<br/>(colchicine) oral solution<br/>0.6 mg/5 mL<br/>Rx Only</paragraph>
            <paragraph>
              <renderMultiMedia referencedObject="MM03000003"/>
            </paragraph>
          </text>
          <effectiveTime value="20190205"/>
          <component>
            <observationMedia ID="MM03000003">
              <text>PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
NDC 72690-010-05
150 mL
GLOPERBA
(colchicine) oral solution
0.6 mg/5 mL
Rx Only
</text>
              <value mediaType="image/jpeg" xsi:type="ED">
                <reference value="gloperba-03.jpg"/>
              </value>
            </observationMedia>
          </component>
        </section>
      </component>
    </structuredBody>
  </component>
</document>